差異處
這裏顯示兩個版本的差異處。
| 下次修改 | 前次修改 | ||
| tech:ubuntu18 [2020/09/04 11:23] – 建立 jonathan_tsai | tech:ubuntu18 [2023/10/22 22:31] (目前版本) – [修改 iptables 規則, 重開機仍能自動生效] jonathan | ||
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| 行 1: | 行 1: | ||
| + | ====== Ubuntu 18/20 相關設定整理 ====== | ||
| + | ===== 網路 IP 設定 ===== | ||
| + | * 參考 | ||
| + | - https:// | ||
| + | - https:// | ||
| + | - https:// | ||
| + | * Exp. 更改 IP 設定為 192.168.11.204 <code sh>sudo vi / | ||
| + | network: | ||
| + | ethernets: | ||
| + | ens18: | ||
| + | addresses: [192.168.11.204/ | ||
| + | gateway4: 192.168.11.1 | ||
| + | nameservers: | ||
| + | addresses: [8.8.8.8, | ||
| + | dhcp4: no | ||
| + | version: 2 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * Exp. 兩張網卡指定 default route 為 eth0 <code sh>sudo vi / | ||
| + | network: | ||
| + | ethernets: | ||
| + | eth0: | ||
| + | dhcp4: true | ||
| + | eth1: | ||
| + | addresses: [192.168.7.101/ | ||
| + | routes: | ||
| + | - to: 192.168.7.0/ | ||
| + | via: 192.168.7.1 | ||
| + | metric: 40 | ||
| + | table: 200 | ||
| + | nameservers: | ||
| + | | ||
| + | dhcp4: no | ||
| + | version: 2 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | localadmin@iiidevops-1: | ||
| + | default via 172.17.13.177 dev eth0 proto dhcp src 172.17.13.189 metric 100 | ||
| + | 172.17.13.176/ | ||
| + | 172.17.13.177 dev eth0 proto dhcp scope link src 172.17.13.189 metric 100 | ||
| + | 192.168.7.0/ | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 可以透過 sudo netplan apply 立即生效或是 sudo reboot 重新開機後生效 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 修改 iptables 規則, 重開機仍能自動生效 | ||
| + | * 參考 - https:// | ||
| + | * 需要安裝 iptables-persistent 套件< | ||
| + | apt install iptables-persistent -y | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 修改 iptables 規則 Exp. <cli> | ||
| + | iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -p all -j ACCEPT | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 將修改後的規則寫入 / | ||
| + | iptables-save -c > / | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | ===== 更改 hostname (一) ===== | ||
| + | * 參考 - https:// | ||
| + | * 先 / | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | preserve_hostname: | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 執行 hostnamectl 設定 hostname Exp. 更改為 pve-devops1< | ||
| + | sudo hostnamectl set-hostname pve-devops1 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 更改 hostname (二) ===== | ||
| + | * Exp. 設定 hostname 為 iServStorM1< | ||
| + | sudo su - | ||
| + | vi /etc/hosts | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | 127.0.0.1 | ||
| + | 127.0.1.1 | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | vi / | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | iServStorM1 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | hostname -F / | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 參考網址 - | ||
| + | * http:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 建立使用者命令 ===== | ||
| + | * 參考 - https:// | ||
| + | * Exp. 建立 localadmin <cli> | ||
| + | sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -d / | ||
| + | sudo passwd localadmin | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | * 如果useradd 建立時沒提供 sudo 權限可以之後透過 usermod 來處理 Exp.< | ||
| + | sudo usermod -aG sudo localadmin | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 查詢安裝套件檔案路徑 ===== | ||
| + | * 參考網址 - https:// | ||
| + | * 語法 : dpkg -L 套件名稱 Exp. docker< | ||
| + | /# dpkg -L docker | ||
| + | /. | ||
| + | /usr | ||
| + | /usr/share | ||
| + | / | ||
| + | / | ||
| + | / | ||
| + | / | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Server 版安裝圖形操作介面 ===== | ||
| + | * <code sh> | ||
| + | sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 參考網址 - | ||
| + | * http:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 清除系統檔案空間 ===== | ||
| + | * System Journal Logs Ref - https:// | ||
| + | * 查看目前已使用空間 <cli> | ||
| + | root@demo-77:/ | ||
| + | Archived and active journals take up 4.0G in the file system. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 即時清除保留兩天 <cli> | ||
| + | root@demo-77:/ | ||
| + | root@demo-77:/ | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | root@demo-77:/ | ||
| + | Archived and active journals take up 16.0M in the file system. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 設定最多使用空間 Exp. 500M <cli> | ||
| + | vi / | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | [Journal] | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | SystemMaxUse=500M | ||
| + | : | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | systemctl daemon-reload | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== VMWare 內出現的 multipathd 異常訊息 ===== | ||
| + | * 參考 - https:// | ||
| + | * 在 VMWare 內建立 Ubuntu 20.04 的 VM , 在 / | ||
| + | ~# tail -f / | ||
| + | Aug 31 10:43:07 iiidevops4 multipathd[747]: | ||
| + | Aug 31 10:43:09 iiidevops4 multipathd[747]: | ||
| + | Aug 31 10:43:11 iiidevops4 multipathd[747]: | ||
| + | Aug 31 10:43:12 iiidevops4 multipathd[747]: | ||
| + | Aug 31 10:43:17 iiidevops4 multipathd[747]: | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | * 解決方式 : <cli> | ||
| + | vi / | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | defaults { | ||
| + | user_friendly_names yes | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | blacklist { | ||
| + | devnode " | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | systemctl restart multipath-tools | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{tag> | ||